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Behind all the destructions—the big destructions of Nature—earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, cyclones, floods, etc., or the human destructions—wars, revolutions, riots—there is always Kali's power and upon earth Kali works for the hastening of the terrestrial progress.

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Ever since the seminal work of Needham, who showed that till around the sixteenth century Chinese science and technology seem to have been more advanced than their counterparts in Europe, it has become fashionable for historians of science to wonder “Why modern science did not emerge in non-western societies?” In the work of the Kerala School, we notice clear anticipations of some of the fundamental discoveries which are associated with the emergence of modern science, such as the mathematics of infinite series and the development of new geometrical models of planetary motion. It seems therefore more appropriate to investigate “Why modern science ceased to flourish in India after the 16th Century?” It may also be worthwhile to speculate “What would have been the nature of modern science (and the modern world) had sciences continued to flourish in non-western societies?” In this way we could gain some valuable insights regarding the sources and the nature of creativity of geniuses such as Srinivasa Ramanujan, Jagadish Chandra Bose and others in modern India.

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